MORPHOSTRUCTURAL FEATURES OF BLACK WALNUT INTRODUCED IN THE LISOSTEPPE OF UKRAINE
DOI: 10.35205/0558-1125-2024-79-94-101
UDC 632.7:632.9:634.11
MORPHOSTRUCTURAL FEATURES OF BLACK WALNUT (JUGLANS NIGRA L.) INTRODUCED IN THE LISOSTEPPE OF UKRAINE
O.I. RUDNYK-IVASHCHENKO, Doctor, Corresponding Member of NAAS of Ukraine
O.O. BORZYKH, Junior Research Worker
Institute of Horticulture, NAAS of Ukraine, 23, Sadova Str., 03027, е-mail: rudnik2015@ukr.net
The results of studies on the formation of morphostructural units of black walnut according to the periods of plant organogenesis are highlighted. The dependence of the development of walnut plants on weather conditions and varietal characteristics during cultivation in the forest-steppe zone was studied. It was established that the periods of the appearance of flower buds and inflorescences and the flowering phase of plants have varietal characteristics, although their duration depends on the weather conditions of the growing season. The height of walnut plants is closely related to the variety, and over the years of research, seedlings have grown from 108.3 cm (the Dobrodar variety) to 222.5 cm (the 218-4 form). It was experimentally investigated that the height of plants is positively correlated with the growth of the trunk diameter. If the plants of the Dobrodar variety, on average, over the years of research, formed the lowest height compared to other varieties - 108.3 cm, then the diameter of their trunk also had the lowest parameters - 2.0 cm. It is this characteristic that depends the least on the weather conditions of the year, while the formation of parameters of a complex leaf strongly depended on this factor. It was established that the parameters of a complex leaf depended on the precipitation during the period of their formation. In dry years, the dimensions of length and width of all plant varieties were significantly smaller compared to years characterized by more precipitation during the growing season. The greatest length and width of a compound leaf was recorded in plants of the hybrid J. hindi x J. Regia, on average over the years of research – 50.3 and 18.2 cm, respectively. The average number of small leaves on a compound leaf of black walnut plants, which were in the experiment, during the years of research, did not show dependence either on the years of research or on the variety. The Dobrodar variety had the largest number of leaves in a compound leaf of black walnut on average over the years of research - 20 pieces, the least number of them were in plants of the form 218-4 - 13 pieces. The research results showed that the conditions of the Forest Steppe are favorable for the successful introduction of black walnut.
Key words: weather conditions, trait indicators, genetic variability, vegetation periods.
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