SAFE PROTECTION OF PLUM PLANTINGS FROM MONILIA CINEREA AND CLASTEROSPORIUM CARPOPHILUM
DOI: 10.35205/0558-1125-2024-80-164-172
UDC 632.938+632.952:634.222
SAFE PROTECTION OF PLUM (PRUNUS DOMESTICA L.) PLANTINGS FROM MONILIA CINEREA AND CLASTEROSPORIUM CARPOPHILUM
V.V. FILYOV, M.F. KUCHER, PhDs
L.S. YURYK, Research Worker
N.V. KRYKUN, Agronomist
L.P. Symyrenko Research Station of Pomology of IH, NAAS of Ukraine,
19511, Cherkasy Region, Cherkasy District, Mliiv, 9, Symyrenko str., е-mail: mliivis@ukr.net
This article presents the results of studying the technical effectiveness of the biopreparation Gaupsin and combinations of the preparations Chorus 75% WG + Izabion R and Embrelia 140 SC + Izabion R against moniliosis and clasterosporiosis (shot-hole disease) in plum plantations from 2021 to 2024. The bioinsectofungicide Gaupsin demonstrated higher effectiveness in combating these fungal diseases, achieving 71.4-86.2% efficiency. Slightly lower efficiency was observed in the combinations of preparations, ranging from 68.0-84.2%.
When treating plum plantations with Gaupsin and the combinations of preparations, disease development in combating moniliosis ranged from 5.1% to 10.8%, depending on the year, compared to 28.0-42.0% in the control variant (treated with water) and 10.5-13.0% in the reference variant. The use of these preparations against shot-hole disease limited disease development to 4.5-11.0%, while in the control variant, it ranged from 29.5-44.4%, and in the reference variant – 9.9-11.9%. The highest level of infection by these pathogens was observed in 2023.
Weather conditions significantly affect the development and spread of Monilia cinerea and Clasterosporium carpophilum, as well as the vegetation of plum trees. Against the backdrop of constant warming, the timing and duration of phenophases of tree development and the onset of disease infection by pathogens are changing.
In the collection plantations, the resistance of plum varieties and hybrid forms to these pathogens was determined. The highest resistance to both forms of moniliosis and shot-hole disease was observed in the varieties Herman, Dobra, Zamanchyva, Veresneva, Voloshka, Hanna Shpet, Stanley, and the forms 12516 and 8124. These varieties and forms carry traits of resistance to the mentioned diseases and are promising for use in breeding work. The lowest resistance to both pathogens was observed in the variety Yantarna Mliivska. The use of plum varieties and hybrid forms resistant to fungal diseases in industrial plantations will reduce the cost of plant protection products and improve the ecological condition of the environment.
Key words: biological preparations, protection, fungicides, plum plantations, diseases, effectiveness, Monilia cinerea, Clasterosporium carpophilum.
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