EVALUATION OF PROMISING CLONAL ROOTSTOCKS FOR TART CHERRIES IN THE SECOND FIELD OF THE NURSERY

DOI: 10.35205/0558-1125-2025-80-41-52
UDC 634.23:631.541.11

EVALUATION OF PROMISING CLONAL ROOTSTOCKS FOR TART CHERRIES (CERASUS VULGARIS MILL.) IN THE SECOND FIELD OF THE NURSERY

Yu.P. KISHCHAK, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Research Worker 
O.A. KISHCHAK, Doctor, Senior Research Worker, Corresponding Member of NAAS of Ukraine 
R.I. HRYNYK, A.V. SLOBODIANIUK, PhDs, Research Workers
Institute of Horticulture, NAAS of Ukraine, 03027, Kyiv-27, Sadova St., 23,
e-mail: fruitechdept@gmail.com 

The issue of growing high-quality cherry planting material for creating modern industrial plantations is considered. The compatibility of grafting components and the influence of various factors on the productivity of the second field of the nursery are determined. The expediency of using promising cherry clonal rootstocks to increase the yield of standard planting material is substantiated. In the second field of the nursery, incompatibility was found in the form of mass swelling of the buds of the Turgenevka variety on the Krymsk 5 rootstock, as well as its manifestations in the form of weak wood growth in seedlings of the Lutovka, Balaton and Igrushka varieties on this rootstock. This indicates that it is not advisable to use the Krymsk 5 rootstock for growing cherry varieties suitable for mechanised harvesting. The main indicator determining the effectiveness of variety-rootstock combinations is the yield of standard seedlings in the second field of the nursery. Among the varieties, the highest yield of standard seedlings on average for clonal rootstocks was 23.2 thousand pieces/ha obtained on the promising elite form D 36-25 and 22.4 thousand pieces/ha for the Igrushka variety. It has been established that for all the cherry varieties studied, the best rootstocks are V-5-88, V-2-230 and Rubin, which on average provided a 22.1-37.7% higher yield of standard seedlings than on Mahaleb. The use of these rootstocks in the cultivation of cherry seedlings ensures the production of high-quality planting material, which exceeds the current industry standard by an average of 25% in terms of stem thickness, 60% in terms of shoot length, and twice in terms of shoot number. To assess the impact of variety-rootstock combinations on the yield of standard seedlings, a variance analysis was performed on the yield of standard cherry seedlings on clonal rootstocks depending on varietal characteristics. It was established that rootstock characteristics determine the yield of standard seedlings by 39.8%, varietal characteristics by 26.7%, and their interaction by 22.1%. The use of promising clonal rootstocks V-5-88, V-2-230 and Rubin for growing seedlings in combination with high-yielding cherry varieties will contribute to the creation of effective modern cherry plantations with mechanised fruit harvesting and increase the profitability of growing this crop.
Key words: cherry, varieties, rootstocks, varietal-rootstock combinations, incompatibility, yield of standard planting material.

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