ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF BIOPRODUCTS AGAINST THE MAIN DISEASES IN PLANTINGS OF STRAWBERRY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK WESTERN LISOSTEPPE OF UKRAINE
DOI: 10.35205/0558-1125-2024-80-157-163
UDC 634.75: 632.93: 330.356
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF BIOPRODUCTS AGAINST THE MAIN DISEASES IN PLANTINGS OF STRAWBERRY (FRAGARIA ANANASSA L.) IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK WESTERN LISOSTEPPE OF UKRAINE
A.A. TONKONOZHENKO, I.V. SHEVCHUK, L.O. BARABASH, PhDs
O.F. DENYSIUK, Leading Engineer
Institute of Horticulture, NAAS of Ukraine, 03027, Kyiv-27, 23, Sadova st.
е-mail: onbt@ukr.net, zax55@i.ua
Development of an integrated strawberry protection system using biofungicides obtained from mycelium and spores of the genus Ampelomyces and Gliocladium, as well as preparations synthesized from bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas, is one of the main factors in growing organic products and increasing the economic efficiency of berry production in industrial plantations. With five-fold use of biological preparations, a significant reduction in the damage of strawberry fruits by gray rot was noted. In the variants where the drug Fluorescyn BT (8 l/ha) was used, the damage to the berries was at the level of 0.7%, while in the control variant this indicator was 7.3%. Spraying strawberries with biofungicides Ampelomycyn BT (6 l/ha) and Gliocladyn BT (10 l/ha) also had a positive effect on reducing the damage to the berries by gray rot to 2.7%. During the period of testing new drugs in strawberry plantations of the Malvina variety, the highest technical efficiency in suppressing the development of diseases - white spot, brown spot, gray rot was observed when using the biofungicide Fluorescyn BT and was equal to 64.1; 60.0 and 42.1%, respectively. The biofungicides Ampelomycyn and Gliocladyn also had a significantly high technological efficiency of over 50% against white and brown spot. When determining economic efficiency, calculations showed that without the use of drugs (control option) with a yield of 7.2 t/ha, the cost price of 1 t of strawberry fruits was 50.9 thousand UAH, profit per 1 hectare - 317.4 thousand UAH, the level of profitability - 86.6%. In the variants using biological products, production costs per 1 ha increased by 5.6-13.7% compared to the control, including plant protection - 1.4-2.0%, but, due to an increase in yield by 6.9-19.4%, profit was higher by 8.3-26.1%.
As a generalizing effective indicator of the economic efficiency of protective measures, the payback of additional costs was calculated - the ratio of the cost of additionally obtained products to the costs for them. This indicator generally characterizes the economic feasibility of increasing production costs and determines their effectiveness. In the variants using biological products, it was 225.1-264.9%.
The most effective option in the scheme of protection against plant diseases of the Malvina variety was treatment with Fluorescyn BT, where the payback of additional costs was 264.9%. Profit per hectare in the above-mentioned variant increased to 400.2 thousand UAH at a profitability level of 96.0%.
The results presented show that the use of biological products in the protection of strawberries from diseases contributes to increasing the efficiency of crop cultivation. At the same time, over the years of research (2022-2024), the highest profit and profitability level were achieved in variants with the biological product Fluorescin, which allows us to recommend it as an element of protecting the plantings of the studied crop from major diseases in the conditions of the Lisosteppe of Ukraine.
Key words: strawberry, biological products, Ramuiaria tulasnei Sacc, Marssonina potentiallae Desm, Botritis cinerea Fr., technical efficiency.
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