ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL TRENDS IN SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS FOR THE PROTECTION OF FRUIT PLANTS AGAINST FROSTS
DOI: 10.35205/0558-1125-2022-77-126-132
UDC 634.1/.7
ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL TRENDS IN SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS FOR THE PROTECTION OF FRUIT PLANTS AGAINST FROSTS
M.O. BUBLYK, Doctor, Professor, Corresponding Member of NAAS of Ukraine
L.A. FRYZIUK, H.A. CHORNA, Research Workers
L.О. BARABASH, PhD
Institute of Horticulture, NAAS of Ukraine, 03027, Kyiv, str. Sadova, 23, е-mail: sad-institut@ukr.net
The main trends in scientific research on the protection of fruit plantations from spring frosts were analyzed based on the study of patent documentation of the countries of the world.
China and the USA have the largest shares of patented developments by countries that have issued protection documents. The number of scientific studies on the mentioned problem and the patenting of their results increased significantly in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, confirming its relevance for world fruit growing. But in the 20s of the 21st century, the number of patents issued in the USA, Canada, Japan, Ukraine, as well as WIPO and EPO decreased significantly, while those issued in China increased several times.
Among all methods of protecting orchards from frost, only 15 % were patented after 2010. For devices (protective shelters/screens, their designs), 48 % of protection documents were issued after 2010. After 2010, 42 % of patents were issued on devices for protecting plantations from frost, of which only 8 % are mobile. Among all means of protecting fruit plantations from frost, only 8 % were patented after 2010.
Researchers have proposed different approaches to protecting plants from frost due to the wide variety of the distribution of the value of the temperature decrease indicator and their duration in most regions where fruit crops are grown. In recent decades, the improvement of previously developed methods and means, devices and devices for protecting fruit crops from frost, and their combination in various variants to improve protection, has been carried out. Systems for controlling weather conditions in plantations and controlling frost protection devices, both remote and automatic, were also created.
Key words: orchards, scientific developments, patents, frost protection.
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